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When Will the Planet Nibiru Come Again

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Apocalyptic hoax

This article is about the doomsday scenario. For other uses, see Nibiru.

Nibiru cataclysm
A red star lies at the centre of a brownish cloud against a background of stars

V838 Monocerotis, a variable star accompanied by a lite echo, has been erroneously portrayed every bit an approaching planet or brown dwarf on a collision course with Earth.[ane]

Claims Earth'southward imminent collision or well-nigh miss with a giant planetoid
Related scientific disciplines Astronomy, archaeology
Twelvemonth proposed 1995
Original proponents Nancy Lieder
Subsequent proponents Marshall Masters, Jaysen Rand, Pana Wave, David Meade, Terral Croft, Paul Begley, Matt Rogers
Pseudoscientific concepts

The Nibiru calamity is a supposed disastrous encounter between Earth and a large planetary object (either a collision or a near-miss) that certain groups believed would take place in the early 21st century. Believers in this doomsday event ordinarily refer to this object equally Nibiru or Planet X. The idea was showtime put forward in 1995 by Nancy Lieder,[2] [3] founder of the website ZetaTalk. Lieder claims she is a contactee with the power to receive messages from extraterrestrials from the Zeta Reticuli star system through an implant in her brain. She states that she was chosen to warn mankind that the object would sweep through the inner Solar System in May 2003 (though that engagement was subsequently postponed) causing Earth to undergo a physical pole shift that would destroy most of humanity.[4]

The prediction has afterward spread beyond Lieder'south website and has been embraced by numerous Internet doomsday groups. In the tardily 2000s, information technology became closely associated with the 2012 miracle. Since 2012, the Nibiru cataclysm has often reappeared in the popular media, usually linked to newsmaking astronomical objects such equally Comet ISON or Planet Nine. Although the name "Nibiru" is derived from the works of the "ancient astronaut" writer Zecharia Sitchin and his interpretations of Babylonian and Sumerian mythology, he denied whatever connection between his work and various claims of a coming apocalypse. A prediction by self-described "Christian numerologist" David Meade that the Nibiru cataclysm would occur on 23 September 2017 received extensive media coverage.

The idea that a planet-sized object volition collide with or closely pass by Earth in the nearly future is not supported by any scientific prove and has been rejected by astronomers and planetary scientists equally pseudoscience and an Cyberspace hoax.[5] [ failed verification ] [6] Such an object would have destabilised the orbits of the planets to the extent that their effects would be easily observable today.[7] Astronomers have hypothesized many planets beyond Neptune, and though many have been disproved, at that place are some that remain feasible candidates such as Planet 9. All the current candidates are in orbits that go along them well across Neptune throughout their orbit, fifty-fifty when they are closest to the Sunday.

History [edit]

Nancy Lieder and ZetaTalk [edit]

Nancy Lieder is seen from the neck up in front of a background of grey alien faces

Nancy Lieder in June 2013

The idea of the Nibiru encounter originated with Nancy Lieder, a Wisconsin woman who claims that as a daughter she was contacted by greyness extraterrestrials called Zetans, who implanted a communications device in her brain. In 1995, she founded the website ZetaTalk to disseminate her ideas.[8] Lieder first came to public attention on Internet newsgroups during the build-up to Comet Hale–Bopp'southward 1997 perihelion. She stated, claiming to speak equally the Zetans,[nine] that: "The Unhurt–Bopp comet does non exist. It is a fraud, perpetrated by those who would have the teeming masses quiescent until it is as well tardily. Hale–Bopp is nothing more than a afar star, and will draw no closer."[9] She claimed that the Unhurt–Bopp story was manufactured to distract people from the imminent arrival of a big planetary object, "Planet X", which would soon pass past Globe and destroy civilization.[nine] After Unhurt–Bopp'south perihelion revealed it as 1 of the brightest and longest-observed comets of the last century,[x] Lieder removed the first 2 sentences of her initial argument from her site, though they can still exist found in Google'due south archives.[9] Her claims eventually made the New York Times.[eleven]

Lieder described Planet X as roughly four times the size of Earth, and said that its closest arroyo would occur on May 27, 2003, resulting in Earth's rotation ceasing for exactly v.ix terrestrial days. This would be followed by Earth'southward pole destabilising in a pole shift (a physical pole shift, with Earth'southward pole physically moving, rather than a geomagnetic reversal) caused by magnetic attraction between Earth's core and the magnetism of the passing planet. This in turn would disrupt Earth's magnetic core and atomic number 82 to subsequent displacement of Earth's crust.[12] Later the 2003 date passed without incident, Lieder said that it was just a "white lie ... to fool the establishment".[13] She refused to disclose the true date, saying that to practise so would give those in power plenty fourth dimension to declare martial constabulary and trap people in cities during the shift, leading to their deaths.[fourteen]

Zecharia Sitchin and Sumer [edit]

The "Winged Sun of Thebes", from Egyptian Mythology and Egyptian Christianity written by Samuel Sharpe in 1863. Proponents of the Nibiru cataclysm have frequently cited this equally an ancient representation of Nibiru.[xv]

Although Lieder originally referred to the object every bit "Planet X", it has become deeply associated with Nibiru, a planet from the works of ancient astronaut proponent Zecharia Sitchin, particularly his volume The 12th Planet. According to Sitchin'due south interpretation of ancient Mesopotamian religious texts, which has been shown to be based on a faulty understanding of Sumerian text[16] [17] [18] [xix] a giant planet (chosen Nibiru or Marduk) passes by Earth every three,600 years, allowing its sentient inhabitants to collaborate with humanity.[nineteen] Sitchin identified these beings with the Anunnaki in Sumerian mythology and claimed that they were humanity's first gods.[20] [19] Lieder first fabricated the connection between Nibiru and her Planet X on her site in 1996 ("Planet X does exist, and it is the 12th Planet, ane and the aforementioned").[21]

Sitchin, who died in 2010, denied whatever connection between his work and Lieder'due south claims. In 2007, partly in response to Lieder's proclamations, Sitchin published a book, The End of Days, which fix the time for the concluding passing of Nibiru by Earth at 556 BC, which would hateful, given the object's supposed 3,600-twelvemonth orbit, that information technology would return sometime around Advertizement 2900.[22] He did say that he believed that the Annunaki might return before past spaceship, and that the timing of their return would coincide with the shift from the astrological Age of Pisces to the Age of Aquarius, sometime betwixt 2090 and 2370.[23]

Modern proponents of the Nibiru cataclysm ofttimes cite the winged sun symbol every bit actually representing Nibiru, whom they believe would appear similar a "winged star".[xv]

2012 and the Maya calendar [edit]

Though Lieder herself has non specified a new date for the object's render, many groups have taken upwardly her thought and cited their own dates. One frequently cited date was December 21, 2012. This appointment had many apocalyptic associations, as information technology was the end of a wheel (bʼakʼtun) in the long count in the Maya agenda. Several writers published books connecting the encounter with 2012.[24] Despite that date having passed, many websites even so contend that Nibiru/Planet Ten is en route to Globe.[25]

In 2012, Lieder claimed that U.S. President Barack Obama futilely attempted to announce the presence of Nibiru well-nigh the Sunday.[26] After 2012, she claimed that several world leaders had intended to denote the presence of Nibiru about the Sun on October xx, 2014. Two weeks after the supposed date of announcement, she claimed that it did not occur considering of consternation amidst the establishment.[27]

2017 revival [edit]

a woman in robes and a shawl with a halo of stars behind her head stands on a blue ball encircled by a serpent

In 2017, a conspiracy theorist and self-proclaimed "Christian numerologist" named David Meade revived the Nibiru calamity past tying it to various passages from the Bible.[thirty] Meade declared that these passages contained secret numerological codes, which revealed the exact date on which Nibiru would get in.[29] He also based his predictions on the geometry of the Giza Pyramids.[28] Meade initially predicted that Nibiru would arrive in October 2017,[thirty] but he later on revised the date dorsum to September 23.[31] [32] The specific focus of his prediction revolved around the Woman of the Apocalypse referring to a supposedly unique configuration on that date of the Sun, Moon, and planets in Virgo.[32] He cited the solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 as a harbinger.[33] [34] [35]

Meade'southward claims received all-encompassing media attention.[33] [34] [35] Viral fake news stories circulated across the Cyberspace, adducing non-real confirmations past NASA of Nibiru'due south existence on a course "headed straight for Earth".[8] [36] [37] In reality, NASA's position is, and always has been, that Nibiru does not exist.[viii] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] Meade besides faced criticism from fellow Christians; Ed Stetzer, writing for Christianity Today, stated that "in that location is no such thing as a 'Christian numerologist'",[42] and described Meade as "a made-upward expert in a made-up field talking most a made-upward event".[42] Christopher Thou. Graney, a professor with the Vatican Observatory Foundation, noted that the supposedly unique event was, in fact, quite common, having occurred iv times in the final millennium.[32] His September 23 theories were also debunked by Fourth dimension author Jeff Kluger.[43] Brazilian astronomer Duília de Mello chosen his predictions and conjectures rubbish, and also said Nibiru would accept been seen during the eclipse and that Meade was using calculations based on the Gregorian agenda.[44]

After his predictions failed to come true, Meade revised them and declared that Nibiru would arrive on October five, 2017, non on September 23.[45] [46] Meade announced that, on five October, Nibiru would eclipse the Sun, and Northward Korea, Prc and Russia would launch a combined nuclear set on on the United States.[46] Then, Earth would be devastated by a serial of magnitude 9.eight earthquakes, Earth'southward magnetic pole would shift by 30 degrees, the United States would be split in half, and Barack Obama would be elected president for an unconstitutional third term.[47] He predicted that the 7-year Groovy Tribulation would brainstorm on October 15.[48]

When Oct came, some other apocalyptic writer, Terral Croft, predicted the arrival of Nibiru for November xix, a prediction again reported in the British tabloid press. Croft describes Nibiru every bit a "black star" at the edge of the Solar System, which, rather than colliding with Earth, would form an apocalyptic conjunction with World, leading to massive earthquakes. Croft claimed that earthquakes accept been increasing worldwide in the leadup to the conjunction, though The Washington Post, quoting the U.s. Geological Survey, was quick to point out that earthquakes had decreased in both ability and frequency over the year.[49] Paul Begley, a YouTube conspiracy theorist and pastor at the Community Gospel Baptist Church in Knox, Indiana, also predicted in one of his YouTube videos that Nibiru would appear in 2017 and declared that the solar eclipse was a sign of the apocalypse and the rogue planet.[l] Around 12 April 2018, Meade cited an declared 23 April astrological conjunction in Virgo and predicted that Nibiru would appear during the conjunction and presage the Rapture; Infinite.com commented that nothing resembling such a conjunction is actually forecast for April 23.[51]

Scientific rejection [edit]

Astronomers reject the idea of Nibiru, and have made efforts to inform the public that there is no threat to World.[52] They point out that such an object so shut to World would be easily visible to the naked center, and would cause noticeable effects in the orbits of the outer planets.[53] [24] About photographs purporting to show "Nibiru" beside the Sunday are lens flares, fake images of the Sun caused past reflections within the lens.[54] Claims that the object has been curtained backside the Sun are untenable.[24]

An orbit like that of Nibiru within the planetary system Earth is a function of, the Solar Arrangement, is inconsistent with celestial mechanics. David Morrison, a NASA space scientist, explains that later simply i previous flyby of Earth, such as they merits happened in Sumerian times, Earth itself would no longer be in its current almost-circular orbit and would be probable to have lost its Moon. If Nibiru were a brownish dwarf it would have even worse furnishings, every bit brown dwarfs are far more massive.[55] Since Pluto is now frequently observed past lawn telescopes, any giant planet beyond Pluto would exist easily observed by an apprentice astronomer,[53] and if such an object existed in the Solar System, it would take passed through the inner Solar System a million times by at present.[55]

Astronomer Mike Dark-brown notes that if this object's orbit were equally described, it would only accept remained in the Solar System for almost a million years before Jupiter expelled it, and, even if such a planet existed, its magnetic field would have no result on Earth's.[56] Lieder's assertions that the arroyo of Nibiru would cause World's rotation to stop or its centrality to shift violate the laws of physics. In his rebuttal of Immanuel Velikovsky'southward Worlds in Collision, which made the same claim that Globe's rotation could be stopped and then restarted, Carl Sagan noted that, "the free energy required to brake the Earth is not enough to melt information technology, although it would issue in a noticeable increase in temperature: The oceans would [be] raised to the humid point of water ... [As well,] how does the Globe get started up again, rotating at approximately the same rate of spin? The Earth cannot exercise it past itself, considering of the police force of the conservation of angular momentum."[57]

In a 2009 interview with the Discovery Channel, Mike Brown noted that, while it is not incommunicable that the Dominicus has a distant planetary companion, such an object would take to be lying very far from the observed regions of the Solar System to take no detectable gravitational effect on the other planets. A Mars-sized object could lie undetected at 300 AU (10 times the altitude of Neptune); a Jupiter-sized object at thirty,000 AU. To travel g AU in ii years, an object would need to be moving at 2400 km/s – faster than the galactic escape velocity. At that speed, any object would exist shot out of the Solar System, so out of the Milky way milky way into intergalactic space.[58]

Conspiracy theories [edit]

Many believers in the imminent approach of Planet X/Nibiru accuse NASA of deliberately covering upwardly visual evidence of its beingness.[59] Certain polls have suggested that a number of people perceive NASA every bit a vast government agency that receives as much funding as the Department of Defense.[55] Nevertheless, NASA'south upkeep amounts to roughly 0.5% of that of the US government.[lx]

Ane such accusation involves the IRAS infrared space observatory, launched in 1983. The satellite briefly made headlines due to an "unknown object" that was at showtime described as "possibly as big equally the giant planet Jupiter and possibly so close to Earth that it would be part of this Solar Organisation".[61] This newspaper article has been cited by proponents of the Nibiru calamity, beginning with Lieder herself, as testify for the existence of Nibiru.[62] Still, further assay revealed that of several initially-unidentified objects, nine were distant galaxies and the 10th was "galactic cirrus"; none were found to be Solar System bodies.[63]

The red star from the opening image, set against a series of smaller images, each showing the brown cloud growing larger

NASA images showing the expansion of a light echo around V838 Mon, between 2002 and 2004

Some other accusation made by websites predicting the collision is that the US authorities built the Southward Pole Telescope (SPT) to track Nibiru'due south trajectory, and that the object has been imaged optically.[64] Nonetheless, the SPT (which is not funded past NASA) is a radio telescope, and cannot accept optical images. Its South Pole location was chosen due to the depression-humidity environment, and there is no fashion an budgeted object could be seen but from the South Pole.[65] The "picture" of Nibiru posted on YouTube was revealed, in fact, to be a Hubble Space Telescope prototype of the expanding light echo effectually the star V838 Monday, which is more than 19,000 calorie-free-years away from Earth.[64]

Another conspiracy claim regards a patch of missing data in Google Sky nigh the constellation of Orion, which has often been cited as evidence that Nibiru has been redacted. However, the same region of sky can still be viewed past thousands of apprentice astronomers. A scientist at Google said that the missing data is due to a software error when piecing images together.[66]

Another slice of claimed testify drawn from Google Sky is the carbon star CW Leonis, which is the brightest object in the 10 μm infrared sky and has been incorrectly claimed to be Nibiru.[67]

Misappellations [edit]

Believers in Planet X/Nibiru accept given information technology many names since it was starting time proposed. All are, in fact, names for other real, hypothetical or imaginary Solar System objects that carry little resemblance either to the planet described past Lieder or to Nibiru as described by Sitchin.

Planet 10 [edit]

Lieder drew the name Planet Ten from the hypothetical planet once searched for past astronomers to business relationship for discrepancies in the orbits of Uranus and Neptune.[21] In 1894, Bostonian astronomer Percival Lowell became convinced that the planets Uranus and Neptune had slight discrepancies in their orbits. He concluded that they were being tugged by the gravity of another, more distant planet, which he chosen "Planet X".[68] Yet, nearly a century of searching failed to turn up any bear witness for such an object (Pluto was initially believed to be Planet X, only was later adamant to be also small).[69]

The discrepancies remained through to the 1990s when the astronomer Robert Harrington put forward his hypothesis for an extra planet beyond Neptune with, as ane instance, a semi-major axis 101.two AU and eccentricity 0.411 which makes its perihelion 59.60, so the closest to the Sun it would get is one and a one-half times the distance to Pluto.[70]

Half-dozen months earlier Harrington died of throat cancer[71] [72] in 1992, astronomer Eastward. Myles Standish showed that the supposed discrepancies in the planets' orbits were illusory, the product of overestimating the mass of Neptune.[73] When Neptune's newly determined mass was used in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Developmental Ephemeris (JPL DE), the supposed discrepancies in the Uranian orbit, and with them the need for a Planet Ten, vanished.[74] There are no discrepancies in the trajectories of any space probes such as Pioneer x, Pioneer 11, Voyager i, and Voyager 2 that tin can be attributed to the gravitational pull of a big undiscovered object in the outer Solar System.[75] Today astronomers have that Planet X, every bit originally divers, does not exist.[76]

Hercolubus [edit]

photograph of stars with an arrow pointing to one of them

Photograph taken in 2006 showing Barnard's Star, which 5. M. Rabolú claimed to actually be the planet Hercolubus

In 1999, New Age author 5. One thousand. Rabolú (1926–2000) wrote in Hercolubus or Red Planet that Barnard's Star is actually a planet known to the ancients as Hercolubus, which purportedly came dangerously close to Earth in the by, destroying Atlantis, and will come up shut to Earth over again.[77] Lieder subsequently used Rabolú's ideas to bolster her claims.[78]

Barnard'south star has been directly measured to be 5.98 ± 0.003 light years (56.6 Pm) from Earth.[79] While it is approaching Earth, Barnard'due south Star will not make its closest approach to the Sun until around 11,700 AD, when it will approach to within some three.8 low-cal-years.[80] This is only slightly closer than the closest star to the Lord's day (Proxima Centauri) lies today.

Nemesis [edit]

Believers in Planet X/Nibiru have often confused it with Nemesis,[81] a hypothetical star starting time proposed by physicist Richard A. Muller. In 1984, Muller postulated that mass extinctions were non random, but appeared to occur in the fossil record with a loose periodicity that ranged from 26 to 34 meg years. He attributed this supposed pattern to a heretofore undetected companion to the Sun, either a dim red dwarf or a dark-brown dwarf, lying in an elliptical, 26-meg-yr orbit. This object, which he named Nemesis, would, in one case every 26 1000000 years, laissez passer through the Oort cloud, the beat out of over a trillion icy objects believed to be the source of long-period comets that orbit at thousands of times Pluto's distance from the Sun. Nemesis'south gravity would then disturb the comets' orbits and send them into the inner Solar System, causing Earth to exist bombarded. Still, to date no direct bear witness of Nemesis has been institute.[82] Though the idea of Nemesis appears similar to the Nibiru calamity, they are, in fact, very different, as Nemesis, if it existed, would take an orbital menses thousands of times longer, and would never come up near Globe itself.[81]

Sedna or Eris [edit]

Other people as well misfile Nibiru with Sedna (90377 Sedna) or Eris (136199 Eris), trans-Neptunian objects discovered by Mike Brownish in 2003 and 2005 respectively.[83] [84] Still, despite having been described as a "tenth planet" in an early NASA press release,[85] Eris (then known just every bit 2003 UB313) is now classified as a dwarf planet. Only slightly more massive than Pluto,[86] Eris has a well-determined orbit that never brings it closer to Globe than 5.5 billion km (iii.4 billion mi).[87] Sedna is slightly smaller than Pluto,[88] and never comes closer to Earth than 11.4 billion km (seven.1 billion mi).[89] Mike Brown believes the confusion results from both the real Sedna and the imaginary Nibiru having extremely elliptical orbits.[83]

Tyche [edit]

Others accept tied it to Tyche,[90] the proper noun proposed by John Matese and Daniel Whitmire of the Academy of Louisiana at Lafayette for an object they believe to exist influencing the orbits of comets in the Oort cloud.[91] In February 2011, Whitmire and his colleagues took their hypothesis to the public in an commodity in The Independent, in which they named the object "Tyche" and claimed that bear witness for its existence would be establish once data from the WISE infrared telescope was collated, leading to a fasten in calls to astronomers.[92] [93] The proper noun, after the "adept sister" of the Greek goddess Nemesis, was chosen to distinguish information technology from the similar Nemesis hypothesis every bit, unlike Nemesis, Matese and Whitmire do non believe that their object poses a threat to Earth.[94] As well, this object, if it exists, would, like Nemesis, have an orbit hundreds of times longer than that proposed for Nibiru, and never come almost the inner Solar Arrangement.[xc] In March 2014, NASA announced that the WISE survey had ruled out the existence of Tyche as its proponents had defined it.[95]

Comet Elenin [edit]

Some associated Nibiru with Comet Elenin,[96] a long-period comet discovered past Russian astronomer Leonid Elenin on Dec ten, 2010.[97] On Oct 16, 2011, Elenin made its closest arroyo to Earth at a distance of 0.2338 AU (34,980,000 km; 21,730,000 mi),[98] [99] which is slightly closer than the planet Venus.[100] Even so, in the leadup to its closest approach, claims spread on conspiracy websites concluded that it was on a collision course, that it was every bit large as Jupiter or even a brown dwarf, and even that the proper noun of the discoverer, Leonid Elenin, was in fact code for ELE, or an Extinction Level Effect.[96]

Although the sizes of comets are difficult to determine without shut observation, Comet Elenin is likely to exist less than 10 km in bore.[101] Elenin himself estimates that the comet nucleus is roughly iii–4 km in diameter.[102] This would brand it millions of times smaller than the supposed Nibiru. Comet hysteria is not uncommon.[103] Attempts take been fabricated to correlate Elenin's alignments with the 2011 Nippon earthquake, the 2010 Canterbury convulsion, and 2010 Chile earthquake; however, even discounting Elenin'due south tiny size, earthquakes are driven by forces within the earth, and cannot be triggered by the passage of nearby objects.[104] In 2011, Leonid Elenin ran a simulation on his blog in which he increased the mass of the comet to that of a brown dwarf (0.05 solar masses). He demonstrated that its gravity would take acquired noticeable changes in the orbit of Saturn years earlier its arrival in the inner Solar System.[105]

In Baronial 2011, Comet Elenin began to disintegrate,[106] [107] and by the fourth dimension of its closest approach in October 2011 the comet was undetected even by large ground-based telescopes.[108]

Comet ISON [edit]

cloudy, black and white images of three lights in a triangular formation

On September 21, 2012, Vitali Nevski and Artyom Novichonok, using the International Scientific Optical Network of telescopes (ISON), discovered the comet C/2012 S1, known as "Comet ISON".[110] Its orbit was expected to bring information technology within 0.429 AU (64,200,000 km; 39,900,000 mi) of Earth on December 26, 2013.[111] Nonetheless, believers tied it to the Nibiru calamity, challenge it would hit Earth on that date, or that it would fragment and pieces of it would hit World.[25] Images of the "fragments" of the comet circulating on the Internet were shown to be photographic camera artifacts.[25] On April 30, 2013, the Hubble Infinite Telescope took 3 pictures of the comet over the form of 12 hours, which were published as a composite in Hubble's archives.[112] This led to speculation on conspiracy sites that the comet had split up into three pieces, or even that it was a UFO.[113] After ISON passed perihelion on November 28, it rapidly began to fade, leaving many to suspect that it had been destroyed as it passed the Dominicus. While a dim remnant did somewhen render round the Sun, information technology was generally accustomed to be a cloud of dust, rather than a solid object.[114] On Dec ii, 2013, the CIOC (NASA Comet ISON Observing Entrada) officially announced that Comet ISON had fully disintegrated.[115] [116] The Hubble Space Telescope failed to detect fragments of ISON on December 18, 2013.[117] On May 8, 2014, a detailed exam of the comet disintegration was published, suggesting that the comet fully disintegrated hours earlier perihelion.[109]

Planet Nine [edit]

A blue planet lies in shadow, set against the Milky Way with a dim sun in the distance

Artist's impression of the hypothetical Planet Nine as an ice giant eclipsing the key Milky Manner, with the Sun in the altitude.[118] Neptune's orbit is shown as a small ellipse around the Dominicus. (Run into labeled version.)

In March 2014, astronomers Republic of chad Trujillo and Scott Sheppard published a newspaper in Nature arguing that the apparent clustering of the arguments of perihelion of distant trans-Neptunian objects suggested the beingness of a big trans-Neptunian planet.[119] On January 20, 2016, Mike Brown and Konstantin Batygin announced that they had corroborated Trujillo and Sheppard's findings, and that they believed the planet, which they dubbed "Planet Nine", would take a mass roughly x times that of Earth, and a semimajor axis of approximately 400–1500 AU (threescore–225 billion km).[120] Believers in Nibiru and the Nibiru cataclysm immediately argued that this constituted evidence for their claims. Withal, astronomers pointed out that this planet, if information technology exists, would have a perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) of roughly 200 AU (xxx billion km).[121]

In March 2016, the Monthly Notices of the Regal Astronomical Society published a paper by Daniel Whitmire (who had proposed the existence of Tyche) in which he reconsidered a modified version of the Nemesis model he had first proposed in 1985[122] due to recent speculations concerning the possibility of a trans-Neptunian planet.[123] The hypothesis argues that an object far closer to the Sun than Nemesis could have a similar upshot if its orbit precessed at a rate thousands of times slower than its bodily speed, which would mean it might only interact with the Kuiper belt every 27 million years, potentially sending comets into the inner Solar Organization and triggering mass extinctions.[122] However, the paper had been initially published online in November 2015, before Brown and Batygin went public with Planet Nine,[123] and concerns a different object far closer to the Sun (100 AU vs. ~600 AU); Planet Nine, if it exists, is too far abroad, says Brown, to accept such an effect on the Kuiper belt.[124] Nonetheless, an article in the British tabloid The Dominicus (later republished in the New York Post)[125] conflated the three ideas of Nibiru, Planet Nine, and Whitmire's planet to suggest that non only had Planet Ix been establish, but that it would collide with Earth at the end of April, which resulted in Batygin receiving a fasten in panicked calls.[126] In October 2017, scientific discipline writer Pat Brennan wrote that this planet has no chance of always colliding with Earth.[127]

Public reaction [edit]

David Morrison, seen from the side, speaking into a microphone

Astronomer David Morrison has repeatedly debunked the claims of Nibiru cataclysm supporters.[128] [41]

The impact of the public fear of the Nibiru cataclysm has been especially felt by professional person astronomers. In 2008, Mike Brown said that Nibiru was the almost common pseudoscientific topic he was asked about.[56]

Before his retirement subsequently 2012, David Morrison, director of the SETI Plant, CSI Fellow and Senior Scientist at NASA's Astrobiology Plant at Ames Research Center, said he received 20 to 25 emails a week about the impending arrival of Nibiru: some frightened, others angry and naming him equally function of the conspiracy to keep the truth of the impending apocalypse from the public, and nonetheless others asking whether or non they should kill themselves, their children or their pets.[59] [128] Half of these emails were from exterior the Us.[24] Science writer Govert Schilling noted, "Planetary scientists are being driven to distraction past Nibiru. ... And it is not surprising; yous devote so much time, energy and creativity to fascinating scientific enquiry, and find yourself on the tracks of the most amazing and interesting things, and all the public at large is concerned about is some crackpot theory about dirt tablets, god-astronauts and a planet that doesn't exist."[5] Similarly, Professor Brian Cox posted on Twitter in 2012 that, "If anyone else asks me about 'Nibiru' the imaginary bullshit planet I volition slap them around their irrational heads with Newton'due south Principia".[129]

NASA frequently has to evaluate whether or non to respond to such claims, and the value of reassuring the public is outweighed by the chance of granting further exposure to a completely non-scientific idea.[55] Prior to the 2012 date, Morrison stated that he hoped that the not-inflow of Nibiru could serve as a educational activity moment for the public, instructing them on "rational thought and baloney detection", but doubted that would happen.[59] During the 2017 revival, Morrison stated that the Nibiru phenomenon "keeps popping up over and over" despite his original assumption that it would be brusque-lived.[130]

Morrison noted in a lecture recorded on FORA.tv that in that location was a huge disconnect between the large number of people on the Internet who believed in Nibiru's inflow and the majority of scientists who have never heard of it. To engagement he is the just major NASA scientist to speak out regularly against the Nibiru phenomenon.[128]

Cultural influence [edit]

  • A viral marketing campaign for Sony Pictures' 2009 motion picture 2012, directed by Roland Emmerich, which depicts the end of the world in the year 2012, featured a supposed alarm from the "Institute for Human Continuity" that listed the arrival of Planet Ten every bit one of its doomsday scenarios.[131] Mike Brown attributed a spike in concerned emails and phone calls he received from the public to this site.[83]
  • Danish filmmaker Lars von Trier drew inspiration from Nibiru for his 2011 apocalyptic film Melancholia.[132]
  • A planet named "Nibiru" fabricated a cameo appearance in the 2013 film Star Expedition Into Darkness, which was continued to the cataclysm in the press.[133]
  • Nibiru was a long-running story arc in Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated, ultimately revealed to be a periodic planetary alignment which allowed extradimensional Anunnaki to cantankerous over to Earth and would allow an evil member of their kind in the 21st century to destroy Earth'due south universe.[134]
  • The Yu-Gi-Oh! Monster Bill of fare "Nibiru, the Primal Being" depicts a massive, asteroid-like object hurtling towards a planet that looks like World.[135]

See also [edit]

  • Listing of topics characterized as pseudoscience

References [edit]

  1. ^ "Pictures: 2012 Doomsday Myths Debunked". National Geographic News. November vi, 2009. Archived from the original on February one, 2017. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
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External links [edit]

  • ZetaTalk (contains diverse pieces about this topic)
  • Bad Astronomy: The Planet X Saga (exposé of ZetaTalk's astronomical errors)
  • Space.com: Nibiru: The Nonexistent Planet

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nibiru_cataclysm

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